Our Conference Committee Chair and Technical Chair will open the first day of speakers.

Energy Queensland Limited (EQL) has recently rewritten its major substation earthing standard. To support the writing process, a thorough literatur…

With the introduction of the risk-based approach to earthing hazard assessments, the ‘Loaded’ touch voltage has not yet found its place in earthing…

To bond or not to bond a substation perimeter fence to the HV switchyard earthing conductors is a key decision in the earthing system design proces…

A lot of distribution substation earthing design is standardised by utilities and can be completed in a relatively routine manner, but occasionally…

This presentation will outline two case studies of testing performed by Safearth. The key topics covered will include what was tested, how it was t…

In 2023, CitiPower and Powercor commenced a business wide transformation project, to reshape how they deliver distribution earthing designs.

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) projects are becoming increasingly prevalent.

The safety and operational reliability of Substations (Terminal, Zone, Kiosk, etc.) are critically influenced by many factors including the composi…

The scope was to model two adjacent kiosks in an industrial brownfield development. The client possessed standards for single kiosk type installati…

Transferred voltages during earth faults on subtransmission lines contribute to the primary side risk at a zone substation. A method of computing t…

Designing a grounding system for a greenfield substation comes with certain difficulties. To start, the only physical item at the location is soil …

Current injection testing (CIT) is a powerful method for verifying the performance of earthing systems, but it is not without its challenges.

The previous versions of IEEE Std 81 and IEEE Std 80 are from 2012 and 2013 respectively. A major revision of IEEE Std 81 was published in late 202…

This presentation investigates applying small soil resistivity spacings (sub 1m) in the Wenner Method.

The interface between HV and LV at the “consumer end” of a power system (“distribution”) is an important part of any earthing designer’s …

ElectroNet has conducted extensive earth testing across New Zealand, Australia, and the Pacific over the past three decades. Historically, a propor…

This paper examines IEC 62933-5-1, Electrical Energy Storage (EES) Systems – Part 5-1: Safety Considerations for Grid-Integrated EES Systems – Gene…

Earthing connections are a critical component of power utility systems, directly impacting electrical safety, fault current dissipation, and the lo…

The MEN or TNCS system of earthing required in Australian installations is an important and ubiquitous safeguard against indirect electric shock. Installations

All electrical networks rely on earthing systems to provide safe and efficient flow of electricity between the electrode and the ground. Earthing w…

AS/NZS 3000:2018 (known as the Wiring Rules) is a comprehensive document, comprising over 600 pages.

Electrical connections including grounding connections, at a microscopic levels will show that the surface contact can vary in different types of c…

This paper looks at the potential hazards that are present due to Low-Frequency Induction (LFI) and Electromagnetic Fields (EMF), with a focus on a…

The dominant method used to measure GPR during a Current Injection Test is the ‘Fall of Potential Method’ (FoPM).

Rail Tunnels in DC Electrified areas present complex challenges associated with the segregation of track side equipment/structure earthing, Overhea…

Unlike other parts of the world, there is no government regulation on typical electric power utilities to test and commission earthing facilities w…

As our cities become more populous, it is becoming more common to develop housing around and over transport hubs, including over and adjacent elect…

Coaxial theory explains the mutual coupling between a coaxial screen and the core it surrounds. The relationship is independent of every geometric …

This paper presents a systematic methodology for the design and evaluation of earthing systems in Wind Power Plants (WPPs). While referencing estab…

Utility scale solar farms range in power output from tens of MW to many hundreds of MW and consequently cover areas ranging from 1 hectare to 1500 …

Seasonal variations in soil electrical resistivity significantly impact the design and safety of earthing systems in electrical substations.

Lightning strikes are responsible for tens of billions of dollars of damage to assets and related losses each year around the world, irrespective o…

Power system analysis, protection, and earthing are interdependent disciplines that are critical to high-voltage network design. Yet, they are ofte…

The Scenic Rim is an arc of mountainous terrain reaching altitudes of up to 1300 metres, situated south and west of Brisbane.

Electrical engineers require geoelectric models to design the earthing grids of substations. The traditional 1D earth model is built from horizonta…

There are many mechanisms by which lightning can cause personnel injuries and deaths. Most of the mechanisms are electrical, including: (i) “Dire…

In 2018 an earth fault occurred internal to 33 kV switchgear at a main substation in New Zealand. The 33 kV switchgear was located in a Switchroom …

The Wenner four-probe method is commonly used for soil resistivity testing, where the standard apparent resistivity formula assumes point electrode…

In 2010 the ENA published Doc 025 (EG-0) which proposed a new way of assessing earthing related hazards as quantified risks. Up until this point ea…

Earthing and lightning protection systems are critical to the safety and reliability of electrical networks, and their performance must be validate…

The high voltages carried by transmission lines and high earthfault currents that flow in the event of an earth fault can lead to an high earth pot…

During the 1960s Australia was a world leader in setting safety criteria for POCO, power coordination between telecommunication plant and the impac…